Transportation and Logistics Expenses
The site’s distance from highways, ports, suppliers, and customers directly impacts fuel usage, travel time, and shipping costs. A poorly located site can significantly increase logistics overhead.

• Longer routes raise fuel and driver costs
  
• Delays in delivery affect production and customer satisfaction
  
• Accessibility issues may require rerouting or scheduling adjustments
  

Labor Availability and Commuting Efficiency
A location far from population centers or lacking public transit access may affect employee availability and retention, influencing labor costs and operational stability.

• Higher wages may be needed to attract workers to remote areas
  
• Increased employee commute times can reduce productivity
  
• Limited access to skilled labor may require costly recruitment or training
  

Utility, Infrastructure, and Regulatory Costs
Local infrastructure conditions—such as utility availability, road quality, and municipal services—affect setup and operating expenses. Regulatory requirements also vary by jurisdiction.

• Underserved areas may require private investment in utilities or road upgrades
  
• Zoning overlays or environmental regulations can increase compliance costs
  
• Property taxes, permitting fees, and service rates vary between regions