Determined by Property Ownership and Site Agreements
Drainage maintenance responsibility is often defined in the property deed, site plan, or development agreement. Typically, the property owner is responsible for maintaining on-site drainage systems unless otherwise specified.

• Individual property owners maintain private drainage features (e.g., swales, retention ponds)
  
• Shared drainage systems may be governed by easement agreements or HOA rules
  
• Maintenance terms may be outlined in site covenants or recorded documents
  

May Involve Municipal or Utility Oversight
For properties connected to public stormwater infrastructure, the city, county, or utility authority may manage drainage beyond the property line. This includes storm drains, culverts, and outfalls.

• Municipalities handle public rights-of-way and off-site storm sewer systems
  
• Utility districts may manage regional detention or conveyance systems
  
• Coordination is often required for discharge permits and inspections
  

Defined in Stormwater Management Plans and Permits
Approved development plans and stormwater permits usually specify drainage responsibilities, including inspection schedules and required maintenance actions. Noncompliance can result in penalties.

• Site plans detail owner obligations for maintaining stormwater basins and controls
  
• Permits may require periodic reporting or third-party inspections
  
• Maintenance logs and BMP (Best Management Practices) compliance are often mandated