Current Property Owner Liability
In most jurisdictions, the current property owner is legally responsible for contamination on the site, even if they did not cause it. This liability follows the principle of “strict liability” under environmental law.

• Owners may be required to investigate and remediate contaminated soil or groundwater
  
• Liability includes cleanup costs, monitoring, and reporting obligations
  
• Applies even if contamination was caused by a previous owner or tenant
  

Past Owners, Tenants, and Operators
Liability can also extend to past owners, tenants, or operators who directly caused or contributed to the contamination. Environmental agencies may pursue multiple parties under joint and several liability provisions.

• Tenants who disposed of hazardous materials improperly may be held accountable
  
• Previous owners may face legal action if contamination occurred during their ownership
  
• Operators of industrial or waste facilities can be liable under state or federal laws
  

Environmental Consultants and Contractors (Limited Liability)
Environmental consultants and contractors are generally not held liable for contamination unless negligence or misconduct is proven during assessments, remediation, or reporting.

• Responsible for accurate testing, documentation, and regulatory compliance
  
• May face liability if flawed testing or misrepresentation led to environmental harm
  
• Protected under contract terms, unless gross negligence or fraud is involved