Application and Government Processing Fees
The base cost of obtaining new entitlements includes filing fees charged by the local planning, zoning, and permitting agencies. These vary by jurisdiction and the type of entitlement requested.
- Rezoning applications: $2,000 to $10,000+, depending on property size and complexity
- Conditional use permits (CUPs) and variances: $500 to $5,000
- Site plan or subdivision approvals: $1,000 to $15,000+ depending on scale and review requirements
Professional Services and Consultant Costs
Applicants typically incur significant costs for hiring professionals to prepare the required documentation and studies. These services ensure regulatory compliance and strengthen the application.
- Land use attorneys: $150 to $500 per hour for legal strategy and hearings
- Civil engineers and planners: $5,000 to $50,000+ for site plans, grading, drainage, and traffic reports
- Environmental consultants: $3,000 to $25,000+ for Phase I/II studies, wetland delineation, or habitat assessments
Additional Expenses and Contingency Costs
Beyond application and consultant fees, additional costs may arise from public outreach, impact mitigation, and compliance with specific agency requirements. Delays or required plan revisions can increase total expenses.
- Public notice fees, mailing costs, and signage: $500 to $2,000
- Traffic or utility impact fees assessed during review or as conditions of approval
- Contingency budget of 10–20% is recommended for unexpected costs or extensions