Traffic and Transportation Impact Studies
Most medium to large-scale developments require a Traffic Impact Study (TIS) or Traffic Impact Analysis (TIA) to assess how the project will affect local roadways, intersections, and transportation infrastructure.

• Evaluates vehicle trip generation, traffic flow, and intersection performance
  
• May recommend mitigation measures such as turn lanes, signal timing, or access revisions
  
• Required by local public works or transportation departments, especially for projects generating high volumes of traffic
  

Environmental and Site Condition Studies
Environmental studies are critical for identifying natural constraints, contamination risks, and regulatory requirements before development begins. These are often mandated at the local, state, or federal level.

• Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) to identify contamination or hazardous conditions
  
• Wetland delineation and habitat assessments if the site contains sensitive resources
  
• Stormwater management reports and SWPPP (Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan) for land disturbance over 1 acre
  

Noise, Air Quality, and Health Impact Assessments
Depending on the location, scale, and type of use, the jurisdiction may require additional studies to assess the development’s impact on human health and surrounding uses.

• Noise impact studies for projects near residential zones, highways, or airports
  
• Air quality modeling if industrial activity involves emissions or dust
  
• Health risk assessments for projects near schools, hospitals, or sensitive environments