Sales Comparison Approach

This is the most common method for valuing vacant industrial land.

• Compares recent sale prices of similar plots in nearby industrial zones
  
• Adjusts for size, location, zoning, and infrastructure differences

Cost Approach

Used when there are improvements or structures on the land.

• Estimates value by calculating land cost plus replacement cost of existing structures
  
• Deducts depreciation to reflect current condition

Income Approach

Typically applied to income-generating industrial properties like leased warehouses.

• Determines value based on net rental income and market capitalization rates
  
• Reflects investment value and long-term earning potential