Based on Operational Schedules and Site Usage
Peak utility demand is typically expected during the hours when site activity is at its highest—usually aligned with standard business or production shifts. This includes periods when machinery, HVAC systems, lighting, and equipment are running simultaneously.
- For industrial sites: peak demand is often weekdays between 8:00 AM and 6:00 PM
- For logistics and manufacturing: demand may rise during multiple-shift operations
- Seasonally, HVAC demand increases during summer (cooling) and winter (heating) months
Impacted by Utility Type and Load Requirements
Each utility—electricity, water, gas, and telecom—has different peak usage patterns based on the facility’s function and load intensity. Electricity generally sees the most noticeable peaks due to equipment and climate control systems.
- Electrical peak: high during simultaneous machinery, lighting, and HVAC use
- Water peak: aligns with production processes or sanitation cycles
- Broadband peak: tied to data uploads/downloads, security systems, or smart operations
Forecasted During Planning and Load Analysis
Utility providers and engineers use load calculations and demand forecasting tools during the planning phase to estimate peak usage. These forecasts help size equipment, avoid service overloads, and ensure reliable supply.
- Demand forecasts submitted during utility applications and permitting
- Utility companies may assess peak load for transformer sizing and line capacity
- Critical for avoiding penalties tied to exceeding contracted demand thresholds