Defined by Legal Descriptions and Surveys
Property boundaries are legally established through recorded deeds and land surveys, describing the precise dimensions, shape, and corners of the parcel. These documents form the foundation for determining ownership and usage rights.
- Legal descriptions may use metes and bounds, lot/block systems, or parcel numbers
- Boundaries include measurements, angles, and reference points
- Surveys translate these legal definitions into real-world coordinates
Identified Through Physical Markers and Survey Monuments
On-site boundaries are often marked by survey stakes, concrete monuments, metal rods, or fences placed during a professional survey. These help visually represent the property lines for owners, developers, and inspectors.
- Markers are typically placed at corners and along property lines
- Some markers may be buried or worn over time, requiring resurvey
- Fences or walls may not align exactly with legal boundaries
Confirmed with Boundary or ALTA/NSPS Surveys
To accurately locate property boundaries, a licensed land surveyor performs a boundary or ALTA/NSPS (American Land Title Association) survey. These are essential for development, construction, or legal disputes.
- ALTA surveys provide detailed boundary, title, and easement information
- Required for commercial property purchases, financing, and permitting
- Includes GIS mapping, physical measurements, and documentation of encroachments